By KAREN MADORIN
According to a 1935 online US timeline the US saw dramatic change. Franklin Delano Roosevelt served as US President. That same year Executive Order 7034 created the Works Progress Administration, and on August 14, FDR signed the Social Security Act into law. Despite long term drought effects in the Great Plains, the May 30 – June 2 Republican River Flood marked the deadliest flood ever in Nebraska. Kansan Amelia Earhart made history as the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California, and Portis native son Tubby Millar’s cartoon character Porky Pig debuted in Looney Tunes “I Haven’t Got a Hat.” Area residents with a radio or access to national newspapers noted world changes while struggling to survive the persistent Depression and keep their kids in school.
While many students didn’t graduate high school during these hard years, Ellis High School recorded 169 enrollees in grades 9 – 12 and 468 grade school students in 1935. Teachers taught 175 days for a nine- month school year. Two male and seven female instructors educated grade school classes while six males and four females instructed high school courses. The grade school had ten out-of-district students enrolled while the high school boasted fifty-four non-resident enrollees. Clearly, the high school program offered much to young people seeking an education.
In 1935, teachers made approximately $125 a month for nine-months. Taxpayers anteed up a12.94 mill levy to fund schools during this economically challenging year. In 1936, the district received over $3,576 in WPA funding. Available data didn’t explain how the district spent this money. By 1938, the state of Kansas collected a sales tax fund and sent the district $1,764 in state aid. This was the first mention of state aid in accessible records. In addition, District 2 received a $3, 094.92 sales tax refund. Notably, school monies were no longer generated only by local taxes. Despite state contributions, the district levied taxes of approximately $26,000 to fulfill their financial responsibilities.
While a poor economy forced students to do without class rings, year books, and other expendable items, the Ellis district maintained a strong band program. According to Eileen Langley, a 1938 graduate, students traveled to various competitions throughout her high school years. She recalled that the American Legion sponsored uniforms, equipment, and trips when the district and parents couldn’t afford the full expense. Sacrifice and hard work paid off when the Ellis High School Band won a national title in Colorado Springs in 1939.
Keep in mind that during these years, area residents suffered disastrous bank and farm failures, drought, and dust storms that deposited soil locals find in attics and walls when they renovate old homes. Despite the struggle, the schools taught not only local kids but also out-of-district pupils. Under such duress, they supported a music program to the degree those kids and their instructor brought home a national band competition title. During this time frame, national government introduced the WPA and Social Security, while Kansas state government established taxation to redistribute to school districts. From those days forward, school finances and structure began to change into what we deal with today.
